Solar panel battery wiring is something that you will need to perform for your solar powered system to start charging your battery. Different types of wiring (parallel and series) will produce different results. Wiring something in parallel will increase the amperage of the system, while wiring in series will increase the voltage. To boost both, you will need to wire the system both, in series and parallel.
Depending on your needs, you may have to use some or all of the following tools and materials: solar panel(s), 12V "car battery" (deep-cycle lead-acid battery), diodes, insulated wire, wire cutters, pliers, wrenches, and screwdrivers.
Let's imagine that you bought a solar panel with a certain maximum output voltage and certain amperage. Now you need to hook it up to a battery. All batteries have specific amp ratings. You will need to determine how many panels will charge your battery adequately.
Once you do the calculations, you will need to either connect the panels straight to the battery, or use a diode in between. It is better to use a diode between your cell(s) and the battery, especially in the systems larger than 12V. If you do not use a diode, your battery may discharge at night. What diode will you need to use? You need a diode of the same (or more) amps as your panel.
3 Solar Panel Battery Wiring Samples
1. Connecting Solar Panel and Battery (Without a Diode):