Gastric Bypass Surgery, or stomach stapling, is the only hope for many obese people who wish to lose weight. Severely overweight, they have tried diet, exercise, everything they can, and now are turning to bariatric surgery for obesity.
According to a recent New York Times article, the number of bariatric operations-surgeries that facilitate weight loss- in the United States has
doubled over the past five years to 40,000 surgeries annually.
The same health risks that make morbidly obese patients eligible for gastric bypass surgery also leave them susceptible to complications during and after the procedure, according to a five-year imaging study led by a Duke University Medical Center radiologist.
The study followed patients at the University Hospitals of Cleveland after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, the most popular surgical procedure to aid weight loss in severely obese patients. The surgery involves stapling the upper
stomach to create a small pouch that is then attached to the small intestine, thereby reducing stomach capacity and the intestines ability to absorb nutrients.
Among the 335 patients that participated in the study, radiological imaging revealed 57 complications from the surgeries many of them multiple problems in the same patients including suture tears and leaks, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia and infection.
Severely obese patients are at high risk for any type of surgery because of other conditions related to their weight. In addition, there is a wide spectrum of procedure-specific complications following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
The procedure should be a last resort after all other interventions, such as diet and exercise, have been attempted. The findings also highlight the importance of radiological imaging in diagnosing surgical complications in severely obese patients following gastric bypass.
The researchers reported eight cases of leaks from the stomach into the surrounding abdominal cavity and five instances of staple line disruption in the stomach, complications specific to Roux-en-Y. They also observed three incidents of pulmonary embolism, two cases of pneumonia, and single cases of severe infection and open abdominal wound disruption all complications that are prevalent among severely overweight patients undergoing any surgical procedure. Within 30 days of the surgery, 17 patients were readmitted to the hospital.
This operation should not be considered a cosmetic procedure. People need to be aware of the potential complications of gastric bypass surgery and treat it as a last option after other less invasive interventions have been tried. In
addition to its complications, the procedure also requires patients to undergo major lifestyle changes, he said. Following the surgery, patients must restrict their eating habits and rely on vitamin supplements for adequate nutrition.
According to the American Society for Bariatric Surgery, 63,000 people had gastric bypass surgery in the U.S. in 2002. That number is expected to increaseto 100,000 this year. The National Institutes of Health guidelines state that
patients who are at least 100 pounds overweight are eligible for the surgery. Patients who are less than 100 pounds overweight may also be considered based on other life-threatening conditions related to obesity, such as type 2
diabetes or cardiopulmonary problems.
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