Greenhouse gardening is an amazing way to grow plants that are not suitable in the local environment. It is an excellent way to extend the growing season, cultivate exotic plants, and produce fruits and vegetables all year round. Greenhouses are constructed using different materials like polycarbonate sheets, glass, acrylic panels, or plastic film. The primary advantage of greenhouse gardening is that it lets you control the climate and environment of your growing plants.
Greenhouses have a comfortable environment for plants because they offer controlled temperature, humidity, and light conditions. The temperature in greenhouses is maintained by ventilation, shading, and heating to ensure that the plants grow healthily. Greenhouse gardening also keeps pests and harmful insects away as it is easy to maintain and control the environment in which the plants grow.
Advantages of greenhouse gardening
1. Year-round growing
Greenhouses allow gardeners to grow plants throughout the year, irrespective of the weather conditions or location. With greenhouse gardening, one can grow annual plants such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and melons, all year round. Also, it is possible to cultivate exotic tropical fruits and vegetables all year long without worrying about the weather.
2. Controlled environment
One of the biggest advantages of greenhouse gardening is that it lets you control the environment in which you grow plants. The temperature, humidity, and lighting can all be adjusted according to the needs of the plants. The controlled environment allows gardeners to achieve maximum growth and yield from their plants, ensuring that they thrive all year round.
3. Pest control
Greenhouse gardening reduces the need for pesticides and insecticides. Pest problems can be solved promptly in a controlled environment, and there is less chance of infection and damage to crops. The greenhouse structure also offers some degree of protection to young plants against small animals like rabbits.
4. Extended growing seasons
Greenhouse gardening is excellent for extending the growing season for plants that cannot survive in colder weather. The plants stay warm in the greenhouse even during the winter, making it possible to plant and harvest even in the offseason.
5. Water conservation
Greenhouses use less water than traditional gardening methods. Regular watering is done in most cases through drip irrigation systems that help to conserve water. The controlled environment eliminates the need for watering plants excessively, leading to less water loss and waste.
6. Improved plant quality
Greenhouse gardening promotes better plant quality as nutrients and moisture are retained in the soil for longer periods, and pest infestation is minimized. The plants also benefit from an optimal growing environment, which results in healthier plants, and in turn, better yields.
Types of greenhouses
1. Lean-to greenhouse
A lean-to greenhouse is built against the wall of an existing building, often a house or shed. It is designed to have one sidewall against the existing structure and is attached to it. This type of greenhouse is excellent for small gardens as it takes up less space but still offers all the benefits of a regular greenhouse.
2. Attached greenhouse
An attached greenhouse is built as an extension of the house or an existing building. It is designed to be a part of the existing structure and often shares heating and cooling systems with the house. This type of greenhouse is perfect for people who want to maintain or extend their growing season in a larger space dedicated to gardening.
3. Freestanding greenhouse
This type of greenhouse is not attached to any building and is entirely separate construction. It is usually a larger structure with more features and has the benefits of natural lighting and ventilation. Because it is freestanding, it requires regular maintenance as it is exposed to the elements of the weather.
4. Mini greenhouse
Mini greenhouses are small structures designed to be portable and easy to assemble. They are excellent for small gardens or balconies, and they are often used for starting seeds or small plants.
Greenhouse gardening tips
1. Choose the right location for your greenhouse
The location of your greenhouse is essential for the proper growth of your plants. Choose a spot that gets plenty of sunlight and has good drainage. Avoid areas with trees that could shade the greenhouse and block the warm sun rays.
2. Proper ventilation
Good ventilation is crucial for the healthy growth of plants in a greenhouse. Keep the vents open during the day and close them at night to maintain the right humidity levels. This will help prevent fungal diseases and ensures that your plants get enough fresh air.
3. Heating
Heating is necessary to maintain the right temperature in the greenhouse, especially during the colder months of the year. Choose the most suitable heating system depending on the size of your greenhouse and the type of plants you will grow.
4. Watering
Water your plants regularly, but avoid over-watering. Invest in a drip irrigation system to help with consistent watering and to promote efficient water usage.
5. Pests and diseases
Greenhouse gardening eliminates a lot of the pest and disease problems that traditional gardening carries. However, there are still chances pests could sneak in. Use organic pesticides and monitor for diseases regularly to prevent further and extensive damage.
Greenhouse gardening is a fantastic way to grow a wide range of plants all year round. It promotes healthy growth and ensures that your plants are protected against pests and diseases. By following the above tips, you can create a perfect environment that can help you grow the most exotic and cherished plants in a healthy and efficient manner.