Suppose you drove down to Florida for a vacation and received a speeding ticket while you were there. Does the ticket have any effect on your license at home?
The quick and dirty answer is a resounding YES. You can always hope for a bureaucratic error, or some kind of technical problem in the database sharing, but it sure isn't likely.
When it comes to drivers licensing, there are three main databases that track your info: the National Driver Register, the Driver License Compact, and the Non-Resident Violator Compact. There is also the Driver License Agreement, but we'll get to that in a minute.
Start with the basics.
The National Driver Register The NDR was created about 10 years ago, and is what most people are thinking of when they hear something along the lines of "national dmv database."
While it's true that licensing is something that's left up to each individual state (and thus each state will have vastly different laws), every state and the District of Columbia submits any information to the NDR, and are in turn required to check a person's info through the NDR before granting a license.
Suppose, for example. you hold a Virginia license which is up for renewal. The Virginia department of transportation will most likely check the NDR three months before you are up for renewal. If they find any sort of violation that needs to be attended to (say you got a DUI or ticket while on vacation in another state) they will notify you. In that case, you would need to resolve the issue before you could renew your Virginia license.
While only certain groups can access your NDR records (which consist of your name, gender, DOB, license number, and state of offense